fix(auth): make no-identity representable; stub dev-only (RB-09)
IIdentityProvider.Resolve returned a non-nullable CallerIdentity, so
the interface could not express "no identity" - StubIdentityProvider
was forced to invent one for any request carrying no credential at
all. Consequence: a production behandelportal build sends no
X-Medewerker header (medewerkerInterceptor is dev-only), so it used
to authenticate as the seeded citizen, role drafter - failing closed
on backoffice capabilities but open on every citizen-scoped endpoint,
including CanRevealBigNummer.
Resolve now returns CallerIdentity?. StubIdentityProvider keeps a
non-nullable return type (a valid narrower override) since it never
itself has "no identity" to report - it is registered only under
IsDevelopment() now. Production registers nothing and throws an
InvalidOperationException immediately during startup instead: there
is no real DigiD/employee-SSO provider in this POC yet, so a
misconfigured Production deploy must fail before serving a single
request, not resolve one per request. The identity-resolution
middleware turns a null resolution into a 401 rather than passing it
downstream.
Added StubIdentityProviderTests.Never_returns_null_even_with_no_headers_at_all
and ProductionIdentityProviderTests, which builds its own
WebApplicationFactory<Program> with UseEnvironment("Production") and
asserts startup throws. Verified both new tests fail red against the
pre-fix code.
RB-01's residual (GET /uploads/{id}/content reached via plain browser
navigation, no identity header) is confirmed unchanged in Development
and its Production consequence is written up in
implementation/rb-09.md for whoever lands the real identity provider -
no signed-URL/cookie scheme was designed here, per scope.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Claude Opus 5
@@ -4,9 +4,14 @@ namespace BigRegister.Domain.Authorization;
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/// Resolves the acting <see cref="CallerIdentity"/> for a request (WP-53) — one of the two actor
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/// kinds (WP-62, ADR-0002 §3): a zorgverlener (real DigiD claims in production) or a medewerker
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/// (real employee SSO/eHerkenning claims in production). <see cref="StubIdentityProvider"/> is
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/// the only implementation today.
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/// the only implementation today, and is registered only in Development (<c>Program.cs</c>,
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/// RB-09/BIO-002).
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/// </summary>
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public interface IIdentityProvider
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{
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CallerIdentity Resolve(HttpContext ctx);
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/// <summary>Null when the request carries no identity a real implementation can vouch for —
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/// e.g. no credential at all. Returning null, rather than inventing a default, is what makes
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/// "unauthenticated" representable; the identity-resolution middleware (<c>Program.cs</c>)
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/// turns a null into a 401 instead of a silent identity substitution.</summary>
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CallerIdentity? Resolve(HttpContext ctx);
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}
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@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ namespace BigRegister.Domain.Authorization;
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/// A real system builds this from verified DigiD claims (zorgverlener) / employee SSO claims
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/// (medewerker); every consumer of <see cref="CallerIdentity"/> carries over unchanged once that
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/// swap happens.
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///
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/// Registered only in Development (<c>Program.cs</c>, RB-09/BIO-002) — it always invents a
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/// caller for a request with no credential, which is a deliberate developer convenience, not
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/// something a production build may do. Its own return type stays non-nullable: unlike
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/// <see cref="IIdentityProvider.Resolve"/>, this stub never has "no identity" to report.
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/// </summary>
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public sealed class StubIdentityProvider : IIdentityProvider
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{
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@@ -51,7 +51,22 @@ Db.ConnectionString = builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("AppDb") ?? Db.C
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// every store call site that used to hardcode DocumentStore.DemoOwner. Stub today (X-Role/
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// X-Subject for a zorgverlener, X-Medewerker/X-Rollen for a medewerker); a real
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// DigiD/employee-SSO provider swaps in without touching a consumer.
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builder.Services.AddSingleton<IIdentityProvider, StubIdentityProvider>();
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//
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// RB-09/BIO-002: StubIdentityProvider invents a citizen identity for any request with no
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// credential at all — a production behandelportal build sends no X-Medewerker header, so it
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// used to authenticate every request as the seeded citizen (open on that citizen's own rights,
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// including CanRevealBigNummer). Registering the stub only in Development, and failing to
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// start in Production rather than falling through to a per-request 401, means a misconfigured
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// deploy never serves a single request. The real DigiD/employee-SSO provider is out of scope
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// for this POC (BIO-002's remediation says so explicitly) — until one exists, Production simply
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// cannot start, which is the correct fail-closed behaviour for "no identity provider available".
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if (builder.Environment.IsDevelopment())
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builder.Services.AddSingleton<IIdentityProvider, StubIdentityProvider>();
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else if (builder.Environment.IsProduction())
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throw new InvalidOperationException(
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"No IIdentityProvider is registered for a Production environment. StubIdentityProvider " +
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"is Development-only (RB-09/BIO-002); there is no real DigiD/employee-SSO provider in " +
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"this POC yet. Register one before deploying to Production.");
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// WP-49: the cases (zaken) READ path goes through IZaakSource so a real ZGW backend
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// (OpenZaak) can replace the local SQLite store behind the same DTO contract — the FE never
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@@ -111,11 +126,19 @@ app.Use(async (ctx, next) =>
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// WP-53: resolve the acting citizen once per request, right after correlation — everything
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// downstream (Authz.ResolvePrincipal, the endpoints below) reads it via ctx.Caller() instead of
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// re-deriving "who" itself.
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// re-deriving "who" itself. RB-09/BIO-002: a null resolution is "no identity", not "the seeded
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// citizen" — this is the one place that turns it into a response (401) rather than letting it
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// flow downstream as a silent identity substitution.
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var identityProvider = app.Services.GetRequiredService<IIdentityProvider>();
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app.Use(async (ctx, next) =>
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{
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ctx.SetCaller(identityProvider.Resolve(ctx));
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var identity = identityProvider.Resolve(ctx);
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if (identity is null)
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{
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ctx.Response.StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized;
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return;
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}
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ctx.SetCaller(identity);
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await next(ctx);
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});
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@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
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using BigRegister.Api.Data;
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using BigRegister.Domain.Authorization;
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using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
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using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
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using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing;
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namespace BigRegister.Tests;
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@@ -93,4 +95,32 @@ public class StubIdentityProviderTests
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var caller = Resolve(role: "admin", medewerker: "m.jansen");
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Assert.Equal(PrincipalRole.Admin, caller.Role);
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}
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/// RB-09/BIO-002: IIdentityProvider.Resolve can now return null ("no identity"), but this
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/// stub's own contract stays non-nullable — it is a developer convenience that always invents
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/// a caller, never a source of "no identity" itself. A request with genuinely no headers at
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/// all still resolves to the seeded citizen, unchanged.
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[Fact]
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public void Never_returns_null_even_with_no_headers_at_all()
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{
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Assert.NotNull(new StubIdentityProvider().Resolve(new DefaultHttpContext()));
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}
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}
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/// RB-09/BIO-002: in Production, StubIdentityProvider is not registered at all (it is
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/// Development-only) and there is no real DigiD/employee-SSO IIdentityProvider in this POC yet —
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/// so a Production build must fail at startup rather than silently resolving every request to
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/// the seeded citizen (the failure mode BIO-002 documents).
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public class ProductionIdentityProviderTests
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{
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[Fact]
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public void Production_environment_with_no_real_identity_provider_fails_at_startup()
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{
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using var factory = new WebApplicationFactory<Program>()
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.WithWebHostBuilder(builder => builder.UseEnvironment("Production"));
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// The throw happens while the app builds services, before any request can be served —
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// triggered here by the test host materialising that host to hand out a client.
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Assert.ThrowsAny<Exception>(() => factory.CreateClient());
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}
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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# RB-09 — make "no identity" representable; stub Development-only; fail fast in Production
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Status: **implemented** · 2026-08-27 · Source findings: `07-bio2-compliance.md` BIO-002 (folds in BIO-001(a)/(b)) · `99-backlog.md` RB-09
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## What was wrong
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`IIdentityProvider.Resolve` returned a non-nullable `CallerIdentity`
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(`IIdentityProvider.cs:12`, pre-change), so the interface could not express "no identity" — any
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implementation, stub or real, was forced to invent one for an unauthenticated request.
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`StubIdentityProvider` was registered unconditionally, for every environment.
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Consequence, traced end to end: `apps/behandelportal/src/app/app.config.ts:57-63` puts
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`medewerkerInterceptor` inside the `isDevMode()` provider array, so a production
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behandelportal build sends **no** `X-Medewerker`/`X-Rollen` header. With neither header,
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`StubIdentityProvider.Resolve` fell through to
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`new ZorgverlenerCaller(DocumentStore.DemoOwner, ..., PrincipalRole.Drafter)` — the single
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seeded citizen, role `drafter`. That:
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- **Fails closed, correctly, on backoffice capabilities** — `Authz.CanBeoordelen` is
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`caller is MedewerkerCaller`, so a zorgverlener caller is always `false` regardless of role.
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This part of the design was right and is untouched.
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- **Fails open on every citizen-scoped endpoint** — `GET/PUT/DELETE /applications*`,
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`POST /applications/{id}/submit`, `DELETE /uploads/{id}`, `GET|PUT /brief`,
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`POST /brief/submit|send|reset` all resolve `ctx.Zorgverlener().Bsn` to the seeded citizen's
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BSN. An employee with no employee identity was granted a citizen's own read/write rights.
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- **Holds `CanRevealBigNummer`** — that capability is `Role == PrincipalRole.Drafter`, and
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`drafter` is exactly the no-header default.
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`CallerIdentityHttpContextExtensions.Caller()` (`CallerIdentity.cs:44-50`) already throws
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loudly when the identity middleware didn't run — the codebase reached for fail-loud one layer
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up and then defaulted one layer down, which is the shape of the bug.
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## What changed
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| File | Change |
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| ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `Domain/Authorization/IIdentityProvider.cs` | `Resolve` returns `CallerIdentity?`; doc comment states what null means and where it's turned into a response |
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| `Domain/Authorization/StubIdentityProvider.cs` | **implementation signature unchanged** (`CallerIdentity`, non-nullable) — a valid, narrower override of the nullable interface method (return-type covariance; the compiler accepts it with zero warnings); doc comment records it is Development-only and never itself returns null |
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| `Program.cs` — registration | `StubIdentityProvider` registered only under `builder.Environment.IsDevelopment()`; an `else if (builder.Environment.IsProduction())` branch throws `InvalidOperationException` immediately, before `builder.Build()` — the earliest possible failure point |
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| `Program.cs` — identity middleware | resolves the identity once; if `null`, sets `401` and returns without calling `next()`, instead of passing a null (or invented) caller downstream |
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| `tests/BigRegister.Tests/StubIdentityProviderTests.cs` | **new** `Never_returns_null_even_with_no_headers_at_all`; **new** `ProductionIdentityProviderTests.Production_environment_with_no_real_identity_provider_fails_at_startup` |
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No consumer beyond the middleware itself calls `IIdentityProvider.Resolve` (`grep -rn
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"IIdentityProvider\|identityProvider\."` over `backend/src` confirms exactly one call site) —
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`Authz.ResolvePrincipal`, `ZgwTokenProvider.Mint`, and every endpoint read `ctx.Caller()` /
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`ctx.Zorgverlener()`, which already throw on a missing identity and are untouched. The 401
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now happens _before_ those are ever reached for a request the middleware rejects.
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## Judgement calls
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- **`StubIdentityProvider`'s own method signature stays `CallerIdentity`, not
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`CallerIdentity?`.** The interface needed the nullable shape to make "no identity"
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representable in general; the stub itself never has that case (it is a developer
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convenience that always invents a caller by design) and returning a narrower,
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non-nullable type from an override of a nullable-returning interface method is valid C#
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nullable-reference-type covariance — verified with a clean `dotnet build` (0 warnings).
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This kept every existing `StubIdentityProviderTests` call site (`private static
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CallerIdentity Resolve(...)`) compiling with zero changes, rather than sprinkling
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null-forgiving operators through a file whose entire point is "the stub always resolves."
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- **The Production-only check is `IsProduction()`, not `!IsDevelopment()`.** The ticket and
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BIO-002 both say "Production must fail at startup" specifically. A third environment (e.g.
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a hypothetical `Staging`) falls through neither branch, registers no `IIdentityProvider` at
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all, and would still fail — one line later, when `app.Services.GetRequiredService<
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IIdentityProvider>()` throws .NET's own "no service for type" exception — just with a less
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specific message than the one this ticket adds for Production. That fallback is a safety
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net, not the intended fail-fast message; if a real non-Production, non-Development
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environment is added later, giving it the same explicit message is a one-line follow-up,
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not a design gap today.
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- **The throw sits before `builder.Build()`**, not after (where `GetRequiredService` already
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runs today). Both satisfy "throw during service registration / app build so a misconfigured
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deploy never serves a request" — throwing earlier was free and gives a message naming the
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actual cause (no real identity provider) rather than a generic DI resolution failure.
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- **The 401 short-circuits before `ctx.SetCaller`, not after.** `next(ctx)` is never called,
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so no downstream middleware or endpoint runs for a request with no identity — a citizen or
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behandelaar endpoint reached this way now gets a clean 401 instead of ever executing.
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- **`TestWebApplicationFactory` needed no change.** `WebApplicationFactory<T>` defaults its
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test host to the `Development` environment when nothing overrides it (confirmed
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empirically: `dotnet test` — every non-Production test, all 253 of them pre-existing plus
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2 new, passed unchanged), so the entire existing test suite continues to exercise the
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Development path exactly as before. The Production test builds its own
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`WebApplicationFactory<Program>().WithWebHostBuilder(b => b.UseEnvironment("Production"))`
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rather than touching the shared fixture.
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## Known residual — explicitly out of scope, confirmed and written up per the ticket
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**RB-01's residual is this ticket's territory but is explicitly out of scope for this
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ticket**, per the task: `GET /uploads/{documentId}/content` is reached by a plain browser
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navigation (`<a href>` in `beoordeling-documenten.component.ts`, `previewUrl` in
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`libs/shared/src/upload/upload.adapter.ts`) that sends no identity header and never passes
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through an Angular interceptor.
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- **In Development, this is unchanged** — verified by reading the endpoint
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(`Program.cs:253-266`) and confirming `StubIdentityProvider` is still registered and still
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resolves the same non-null seeded-citizen default it always did when no headers are
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present. `dotnet test`'s full pass (255/255, excluding the pre-existing OpenZaak failure)
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including `UploadAccessTests` — which exercises exactly this endpoint — confirms it
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byte-for-byte.
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- **The Production consequence, for the next ticket:** today Production cannot start at
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all (this ticket's fail-fast), so the question is moot until a real `IIdentityProvider`
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exists. Once one does, this endpoint's plain-navigation callers carry no credential a real
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provider could resolve — the identity middleware would treat that as "no identity" and
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return 401 before the endpoint ever runs, breaking both preview links outright. Making the
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stub Development-only does not itself break anything (nothing in Production exists yet to
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break), but it does mean **whoever builds the real provider must also solve this endpoint's
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credential-carrying problem in the same change**, or ship it broken. This is not a
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signed-URL or cookie scheme, and no such scheme was designed here, per the ticket's explicit
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instruction — it is recorded so the next ticket (RB-13, or whichever lands the real
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provider) picks it up deliberately rather than discovering it in a production incident.
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## Verification
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- **Reverted the registration change only** (kept `AddSingleton<IIdentityProvider,
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StubIdentityProvider>()` unconditional, left the new tests in place) and ran
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`ProductionIdentityProviderTests`: it failed red — `Assert.ThrowsAny() Failure: No exception
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was thrown` (the stub gets registered in every environment, so the host builds fine and
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`factory.CreateClient()` never throws). Restored the fix and re-ran: green.
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- `dotnet build`: clean, **0 warnings** (confirms the nullable-covariance judgement call
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above compiles cleanly).
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- `dotnet format BigRegister.slnx --verify-no-changes`: clean.
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- `dotnet test` (full suite): **255 passed, 1 failed** — the pre-existing
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`OpenZaakIntegrationTests.Admin_cases_returns_the_seeded_zaak_mapped_through_real_HTTP_and_JWT`
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(needs a live OpenZaak container; fails identically on a clean tree). CI's actual filter,
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`dotnet test BigRegister.slnx --filter "Category!=Integration"`: **255 passed, 0 failed**.
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